ORGANIZATION, OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) |
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| ORGANIZATION, OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of Presentation |
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) as promulgated in the United States of America and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 17, 2019.
In management’s opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (including reclassifications and normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position for the three month period ended March 31, 2019 and for the year ended December 31, 2018, and results of operations and cash flows for the three month period ended March 31, 2019 and for the year ended December 31, 2018.
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| Principles of consolidation |
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiary, TransBiotec-CA. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances between entities consolidated in these unaudited condensed financial statements.
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| Use of Estimates | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash |
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less as cash equivalents. The Company does not have any cash equivalents as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
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| Net loss per share |
The basic and fully diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding.
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| Financial Instruments |
Pursuant to ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures and ASC 825, Financial Instruments, an entity is required to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 and 825 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 and 825 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets: quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.
Level 3 Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses, accrued interest payable, notes payable, related party payables, convertible debentures, and other payables. Pursuant to ASC 820 and 825, the fair value of our derivative liabilities is determined based on “Level 3” inputs. We believe that the recorded values of all of our other financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations.
The following table presents assets and liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
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| Beneficial Conversion Features |
From time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an embedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid-in capital. The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.
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| Derivative Instruments |
The fair value of derivative instruments is recorded and shown separately under current liabilities. Changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations under other income (expense).
The accounting treatment of derivative financial instruments requires that the Company record the embedded conversion option at its fair value as of the inception date of the agreement and at fair value as of each subsequent balance sheet date. Any change in fair value is recorded as non-operating, non-cash income or expense for each reporting period at each balance sheet date. If the classification changes as a result of events during the period, the contract is reclassified as of the date of the event that caused the reclassification. As a result of entering into warrant agreements, for which such instruments contained a variable conversion feature with no floor, the Company has adopted a sequencing policy in accordance with ASC 815-40-35-12 whereby all future instruments may be classified as a derivative liability with the exception of instruments related to share-based compensation issued to employees or directors. For stock-based derivative financial instruments, the Company uses a Monte Carlo Simulation model to value the derivative instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instruments are initially recorded at their fair values and are then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the consolidated statements of operations.
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| Stock based compensation |
Stock-based compensation cost to employees is measured by the Company at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and over the requisite service period under ASC718. For options issued to employees, the Company recognizes stock compensation costs utilizing the fair value methodology over the related period of benefit. Grants of stock to non-employees and other parties are accounted for in accordance with the ASC 505-50 “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees”.
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| Minority Interest (Noncontrolling Interest) |
A subsidiary of the Company has minority members representing ownership interests of 1.38% at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Company accounts for these minority, or noncontrolling interests, pursuant to ASC 810-10-65 whereby gains and losses in a subsidiary with a noncontrolling interest are allocated to the noncontrolling interest based on the ownership percentage of the noncontrolling interest, even if that allocation results in a deficit noncontrolling interest balance. |
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| Research and Development |
The Company accounts for its research and development costs pursuant to ASC 730, whereby it requires the Company to disclose the amounts of costs for company and customer-sponsored research and development activities, if material. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred research and development costs as it acquired new knowledge to bring about significant improvements in the functionality and design of its SOBR product. Research and development costs were none during the three month period ended March 31, 2019 and $8,855 during the three month period ended March 31, 2018.
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| Related Parties |
Related parties are any entities or individuals that, through employment, ownership or other means, possess the ability to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the Company.
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| New Pronouncements |
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires a lessee to recognize most leases on its balance sheet. For leases with terms of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. This lease standard was effective for public business entities for periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The standard’s modified retrospective transition approach will require entities to reflect the effect to reflect the effect in the earliest year presented in the financial statements. The Company has adopted this standard; however, during the three-month period ended March 31, 2019 the Company had one lease identified as an operating lease with a term of less than 12 months, and therefore elected not to recognize the lease on its balance sheet.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting, clarifies Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, which requires a company to apply modification accounting to changes in the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award unless all of the following criteria are met: (1) the fair value of the modified award is the same as the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The ASU indicates that if the modification does not affect any of the inputs to the valuation technique used to value the award, the entity is not required to estimate the value immediately before and after the modification; (2) the vesting conditions of the modified award are the same as the vesting conditions of the original award immediately before the modification; and (3) the classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same as the classification of the original award immediately before the modification. The ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company has decided to adopt this standard; however, during the three month period ended March 31, 2019 the Company currently does not have any modifications to existing stock compensation agreements but will be able to calculate the impact of the ASU, if and when modifications arise.
In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU-2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception. The first part of this update addresses the complexity of accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features and the second part addresses the complexity of distinguishing equity from liabilities. The guidance is applicable to public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those years. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the condensed combined financial statements.
In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118. The amendments in this update provide guidance on when to record and disclose provisional amounts for certain income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Reform Act"). The amendments also require any provisional amounts or subsequent adjustments to be included in net income from continuing operations. Additionally, this ASU discusses required disclosures that an entity must make with regard to the Tax Reform Act. This ASU is effective immediately as new information is available to adjust provisional amounts that were previously recorded. The Company has decided to adopt this new standard; however, the Company currently has no revenue and only net operating loss carryforwards that result in a tax benefit during the three month period ended March 31, 2019. The Company also has no deferred tax assets (offset in full by a valuation allowance) or tax liabilities on its balance sheet as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation—Stock Compensation: Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This update is intended to reduce cost and complexity and to improve financial reporting for share-based payments issued to non-employees (for example, service providers, external legal counsel, suppliers, etc.). The ASU expands the scope of Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, which currently only includes share-based payments issued to employees, to also include share-based payments issued to non-employees for goods and services. Consequently, the accounting for share-based payments to non-employees and employees will be substantially aligned. The standard will be applied in a retrospective approach for each period presented. The Company has adopted this standard for the year ended December 31, 2018. The Company made no share-based payments to non-employees for services rendered or goods received during the three month period ended March 31, 2019. |
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